Tafseer of Sooraatul Teen by Shaykh Sa'dee

[عبد الله بن مسلم]

{ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ {

In the Name of Allâh, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.

وَالتِّينِ وَالزَّيْتُونِ

“By the fig, and the olive,

وَطُورِ سِينِينَ

By Mount Sinai,

وَهَذَا الْبَلَدِ الْأَمِينِ

And by this city of security

لَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا الْإِنْسَانَ فِي أَحْسَنِ تَقْوِيمٍ

Verily, We created man of the best stature (mould),

ثُمَّ رَدَدْنَاهُ أَسْفَلَ سَافِلِينَ

Then We reduced him to the lowest of the low,

إِلَّا الَّذِينَ آَمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ فَلَهُمْ أَجْرٌ غَيْرُ مَمْنُونٍ

Save those who believe (in Islâmic Monotheism) and do righteous deeds, then they shall have a reward without end .

فَمَا يُكَذِّبُكَ بَعْدُ بِالدِّينِ

Then what (or who) causes you (O disbelievers) to deny the Recompense (i.e. Day of Resurrection)?

أَلَيْسَ اللَّهُ بِأَحْكَمِ الْحَاكِمِينَ.

Is not Allâh the Best of judges? ”



The Tafseer



{ وَالتِّينِ }

“By the fig,

It is the well-known (fruit) the figs ; and likewise..

{ وَالزَّيْتُونِ }

“ .. and the olive,

He swore by these two trees ; due to the abundant benefits in the trees (themselves) and their fruits.

And also because their establishment is in the lands of Shaam ; the place of the prophethood of ‘Isa the son of Maryam – may Peace be upon him.

{ وَطُورِ سِينِينَ }

..By Mount Sinai,

That is : the valley (mountain) of Sinai – the place of the prophethood of Musa – may Peace be upon him.

{ وَهَذَا الْبَلَدِ الْأَمِينِ }

..And by this city of security ..

And it is : Makkah the Honorable. the place of the prophethood of Muhammad – may Peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him.

Thus Allaah took an oath by these sacred places ; which were specially chosen ; and in which [in them] the most honourable of the prophets were sent.

And the thing being sworn upon [the thing these oaths were taken for] is His statement :



{ لَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا الْإِنْسَانَ فِي أَحْسَنِ تَقْوِيمٍ }

..Verily, We created man of the best stature (mould),..

Meaning : complete creation ; proportionate limbs , erect in stature. He is not devoid of anything which he needs ; internally or externally.

And on top of this enormous blessing – which obligates that he be upright in being thankful of it : [rather] Most of the creation [humans] are deviating from being thankful to The granter of all blessings and grants , [and they are] busy with amusement and vain talk , [and they are] pleased with the most despicable and lowest things for themselves , and the most poor and shameful manners : thus Allaah returned [and turned] them into the lowest of the lowest.

Meaning in the hell fire! The place of the sinful people. The one’s who disobeyed their Lord.

Except those whom Allaah blessed and granted them with ‘Eeman (belief), and righteous actions , and highly virtuous manners …

{ فَلَهُمْ }

…then for them…

[Because of what they have of ‘Eeman, righteous actions, and highly virtuous manners]… : For them are elevated degrees / and status … and ..

{ أَجْرٌ غَيْرُ مَمْنُونٍ }

..a reward without end ...

Meaning ; ever-lasting and without interruption.

Rather it is pleasures which are always available , and happiness which is concurrent , and delights in vast abundance : [all of these are] in an abode which never ends , and blessings which are never interrupted , of which the edibles [foods and drinks] and the shadows [on thrones] are ever present…

{ فَمَا يُكَذِّبُكَ بَعْدُ بِالدِّينِ }

..Then what (or who) causes you to deny the Recompense (i.e. Day of Resurrection)?..

Meaning : So , O you human being ! What is it that deceives you and makes you deny the Day of rewarding of deeds ?

While you have seen so many of the signs of Allah – which should have reached you to a stage of certainty [regarding that Day] [And also while you have seen so many of the blessings and grants of Allah] – which necessitate for you that you should not deny anything which you are informed about Him.

{ أَلَيْسَ اللَّهُ بِأَحْكَمِ الْحَاكِمِينَ }.

Is not Allâh the Best of judges? ”

And does His perfect wisdom necessitate that He leaves the creatures – wanton free? Such that He does not command them ; or forbid them , nor reward them ; or punish them ?

But as such ; The One who created man – stage after stage - and he gave them blessings and grants , and good things which cannot be enumerated , and He cultivated them into the best mode of life [by Islam] ; then there is no doubt that The One who did all this ; He will surely return them [the creatures] to the abode which is their ever lasting abode. Which is indeed the abode which they are created for, and to it they are moving to.

The tafseer of this surah has been completed. And all Perfect praise is for Allaah.



Taken from : Tayseer Al Kareem Ar-Rahmaan fee Tafseer Kalaam Al Mannaan.

Authored by : al-Allaamah as-Shaykh Abdurrahmaan ibn as-Sa’dee

Translated by Aboo Waheeda as-salafee.


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